Maturity-onset diabetes mellitus is a medical condition known for its peak incidence in middle age and is characterized by high blood sugar levels or hyperglycemia. This type of diabetes used to be known as "Type 2 diabetes" until it was renamed in 1997. There are several synonyms for this condition, including adult-onset diabetes, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and late-onset diabetes. Other related terms are diabetes mellitus type 2 and age-related diabetes. All of these synonyms refer to the same medical condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Maturity-onset diabetes mellitus can be managed effectively with lifestyle modifications, medications, and regular medical care.